An important article in Expresso: translation is below.
Brake on Golden Visas Risks Ending up in Court
If the end of visas retroactive to 16th February continues, jurists expect an increase in lawsuits. There are 10 thousand in the renovation phase
The end of golden visas announced by the Government retroactively to February 16, 2023 may be unconstitutional. Jurists and property developers contacted by Expresso warn that, if what was announced by the Prime Minister in relation to Residence Permits for Investment (ARI) is maintained, there will be an increase of litigation.
There is already an association preparing a collective action if the Executiveās proposal advances, based on an opinion by Jorge Bacelar Gouveia, who, like other constitutionalists, such as Jorge Miranda, SĆ©rvulo Correia, Rui Medeiros and GonƧalo Bargado, think that the measure is unconstitutional.
āWe are already working towards preparing a collective lawsuit, representing a wide range of investors whose rights may be harmed by a law that is unconstitutionalā, says Sara Rebolo, president of the Portuguese Association of Immigration, Investment and Relocation (PAIIR), which brings together actors from the sector of attracting foreign capital via immigration. At stake are basic principles of law, such as non-retroactivity, legal certainty, proportionality and non-discrimination, says the head of PAIIR, who launched a public petition last weekend, which already exceeded 2 thousand signatures this Monday.
The end of the ARI calls into question āthe principle of the protection of trust, because changes to legislation should not be applied retroactively, jeopardizing rights, freedoms, and guarantees, such as the right to private economic initiative. Additionally, such changes should not be unjustified to the extent that they frustrate the legitimate expectations of investors.ā, reads the opinion of Bacelar Gouveia requested by PAIIR. The jurist also points out that the Governmentās proposal also calls into question the principle of equality and of protection of private property.
To verify whether these matters are unconstitutional "at the procedural level it is possible to appeal to the administrative courts, requesting the annulment or nullity of administrative acts, with appeal to the Constitutional Courtā. In terms of sanctions, the possibility of claiming compensation is open.
Sara Rebolo also points out that the ARI are not exclusive to the real estate sector āThere are processes that have been pending for more than two years, which do not count in the statistics as they have not yet been approved, mostly investment in funds aimed at the capitalization of Portuguese companiesā, she says, recalling that this was the most requested investment option during the period of the co covid and post-covid.
Joaquim Pinheiro da Silva, real estate partner at CMS Portugal, highlights the āerrorā in the relationship that is being suggested between foreign investment and rising house prices. The end of the ARI on the coast and in the Metropolitan Areas of Lisbon and Porto in 2022 āaimed to suppress the increase in the price of real estate. Well, more than a year later, it became clear that such a measure did not fulfill the legislatorās intentions, since the price of real estate in Portugal increased by 9.7% in 2022ā. Remember that in Lisbon the ARI represented about 2% and in Porto 0.9%. Pinheiro da Silva adds that given the āwrong signalā for foreign investors āit is foreseeable that there will be significant litigationā in relation to the legal regime that the Government intends to adopt.
āThe external credibility of Portugal is called into question, giving international investors the idea that Portugal is a country where the rules change mid-game,ā says Hugo Santos Ferreira. The president of the Portuguese Association of Promoters and Investors ImobiliĆ”rios (APPII) points out that ā10,000 ongoing reviews are at stake, which, if the acquired rights are defrauded, will generate a huge litigation problem. We run the risk of serious diplomatic problems, as these are foreign investorsā. Since 2012 there have been 10,755 ARIs, resulting in a total investment of ā¬6.1 billion.
