So I think some historical context is important here. SEF was dysfunctional prior to 2022 as well, but most people didn’t wait nearly the amount of time that become commonplace for those applying in late 2021 onwards.
The main issue until the end of 2021 was that SEF opened up biometric appointments for booking at certain unpredictable dates, which immigration lawyers snatched up for their clients as soon as possible. All the appointments would be gone in less than an hour at best.
However, it was speculated at the time that some law firms snatched up more than even the appointments they needed, then cancelling them maybe a day or two prior to the appointment when it was clear that they weren’t able to use it—if they even cancelled it at all.
The bigger firms had paralegals basically refreshing the SEF booking calendar day in and day out to snatch up appointments that others cancelled. From what community members shared on Nomad Gate back then, IAS/Mercan were really good at getting people these last minute appointments. Many community members shared stories about flying their families to Portugal and asking IAS to try to get them last-minute appointments. From what I heard, I think their success rate was close to 100% back in 2021.
So basically, until the end of 2021, the delays you experienced were much more a product of how good your law firm was at getting you biometric appointments. If your lawyer was just passively waiting, you could be waiting years. But with a more active lawyer snatching up last-minute cancellations, your total time to your first residence card could indeed be less than 12 months.
(Side note: I even made a python script back in 2021 or so to monitor the situation. The script just checked each of the SEF locations for any availability once per second, and then logged the presence of any available appointments. IIRC, most appointments would be gone again just seconds later.)
I’m not 100% certain about the dates, but I think October 2021 was the last time SEF released a big batch of appointment slots, with last minute cancellations being possible to snatch up until the end of December 2021.
With the benefit of hindsight, it’s now clear that wait times just kept growing longer and longer after the introduction of the new chronological system from 2022. However, with the knowledge we all had back then, that definitely wasn’t a given. The theory went that since many appointments went unattended under the previous system, a chronological system would help reduce missed appointments and overall be more fair.
Of course, we now know how it all went (even more) to shit since then.
And I don’t want to give various GV promoters a free pass here, but I do think it was much less egregious to claim 12 months to card in 2021 or even early 2022 than it was a couple of years later.